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Security Audit
July 6th, 2023
Version 1.0.0
Presented by 0xMacro
This document includes the results of the security audit for Connext's smart contract code as found in the section titled ‘Source Code’. The security audit was performed by the Macro security team on July 3rd, 2023.
The purpose of this audit is to review the source code of certain Connext Solidity contracts, and provide feedback on the design, architecture, and quality of the source code with an emphasis on validating the correctness and security of the software in its entirety.
Disclaimer: While Macro’s review is comprehensive and has surfaced some changes that should be made to the source code, this audit should not solely be relied upon for security, as no single audit is guaranteed to catch all possible bugs.
The following is an aggregation of issues found by the Macro Audit team:
| Severity | Count | Acknowledged | Won't Do | Addressed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Code Quality | 4 | 1 | - | 3 |
Connext was quick to respond to these issues.
Our understanding of the specification was based on the following sources:
The following source code was reviewed during the audit:
ea8deeb188acf4ef5482dc4cdea6ce9d42db1184
Specifically, we audited the following contracts within this repository, in the `packages/deployments/contracts/contracts/messaging/` directory:
| Contract | SHA256 |
|---|---|
| ./interfaces/ambs/wormhole/IWormholeReceiver.sol |
|
| ./interfaces/ambs/wormhole/IWormholeRelayer.sol |
|
| ./connectors/wormhole/BaseWormhole.sol |
|
| ./connectors/wormhole/WormholeHubConnector.sol |
|
| ./connectors/wormhole/WormholeSpokeConnector.sol |
|
Click on an issue to jump to it, or scroll down to see them all.
We quantify issues in three parts:
This third part – the severity level – is a summary of how much consideration the client should give to fixing the issue. We assign severity according to the table of guidelines below:
| Severity | Description |
|---|---|
|
(C-x) Critical |
We recommend the client must fix the issue, no matter what, because not fixing would mean significant funds/assets WILL be lost. |
|
(H-x) High |
We recommend the client must address the issue, no matter what, because not fixing would be very bad, or some funds/assets will be lost, or the code’s behavior is against the provided spec. |
|
(M-x) Medium |
We recommend the client to seriously consider fixing the issue, as the implications of not fixing the issue are severe enough to impact the project significantly, albiet not in an existential manner. |
|
(L-x) Low |
The risk is small, unlikely, or may not relevant to the project in a meaningful way. Whether or not the project wants to develop a fix is up to the goals and needs of the project. |
|
(Q-x) Code Quality |
The issue identified does not pose any obvious risk, but fixing could improve overall code quality, on-chain composability, developer ergonomics, or even certain aspects of protocol design. |
|
(I-x) Informational |
Warnings and things to keep in mind when operating the protocol. No immediate action required. |
|
(G-x) Gas Optimizations |
The presented optimization suggestion would save an amount of gas significant enough, in our opinion, to be worth the development cost of implementing it. |
IWormholeReceiver interface is not up to date
The IWormholeReceiver interface used in connext-monorepo is not up to date with the wormhole-foundation interface. The critical difference between these two is that in Connext’s version, the natspec documentation of receiveWormholeMessages() describes that it will be invoked by a different address than the Wormhole Relayer, while in the official wormhole foundation interface, we can see this is not accurate:
/**
* @notice When a `send` is performed with this contract as the target, this function will be
* invoked by the WormholeRelayer contract
*
* NOTE: This function should be restricted such that only the Wormhole Relayer contract can call it.
Consider updating it to be consistent with the source bridge implementation.
gasCap revert is unclear
In BaseWormhole.sol, if the _encodedData gas forwarder to _sendMessage() is higher than the gas limit set in GasCap, the logic will cap and reassign this value as the gasCap.
//calculate cost to deliver message
uint256 gasLimit = _getGasFromEncoded(_encodedData);
...
/**
* @notice Using Wormhole relayer (AMB), the gas is provided to `sendMessage` as an encoded uint
*/
function _getGasFromEncoded(bytes memory _encodedData) internal view returns (uint256 _gas) {
// Should include gssas info in specialized calldata
require(_encodedData.length == 32, "!encoded data length");
// Get the gas, if it is more than the cap use the cap
_gas = _getGas(abi.decode(_encodedData, (uint256)));
}
However, since the msg.value is required to be equal to the deliveryCost, and in the public quoteEVMDeliveryPrice the _gasLimit is not being capped, the final deliveryCost in quoted in _sendMessage could change after the _gasLimit is capped.
Consider capping the gas limit in the public quoteEVMDeliveryPrice or requiring that the gas limit in _encodedData is =< than gasCap.
renounceOwnership logic is not consistent across contracts
In the Connext-2 audit, the fix for issue Q-13 changed the implementation of renounceOwnership() to revert and return an error when called instead of succeeding without any change. Consider doing the same for renounceOwnership() in the WormholeSpokeConnector contract.
In BaseWormhole data variable for keeping status of processed messages is named processedWhMessages. However, in ArbitrumHubConnector, OptimismHubConnector, and ZkSyncHubConnector, this variable is named processed.
mapping(bytes32 => bool) public processedWhMessages;
Consider renaming processedWhMessages to processed for consistency.
processedWhMessagesof theBaseWormholeis different. While theprocessedMessagesof other connectors means if theconnextprocessed message, butprocessedWhMessagesis to prevent replaying of wormhole relaying separately.
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The scope of this report and review is limited to a review of only the code presented by the Connext team and only the source code Macro notes as being within the scope of Macro’s review within this report. This report does not include an audit of the deployment scripts used to deploy the Solidity contracts in the repository corresponding to this audit. Specifically, for the avoidance of doubt, this report does not constitute investment advice, is not intended to be relied upon as investment advice, is not an endorsement of this project or team, and it is not a guarantee as to the absolute security of the project. In this report you may through hypertext or other computer links, gain access to websites operated by persons other than Macro. Such hyperlinks are provided for your reference and convenience only, and are the exclusive responsibility of such websites’ owners. You agree that Macro is not responsible for the content or operation of such websites, and that Macro shall have no liability to your or any other person or entity for the use of third party websites. Macro assumes no responsibility for the use of third party software and shall have no liability whatsoever to any person or entity for the accuracy or completeness of any outcome generated by such software.